Proof of Humanity Origin Constitution

DAO
#1

As prescribed by HIP-74, proof of humanity is engaged in a peaceful forking process. A transpartisan proposal to approve the constitutions for all POH forks will need to take place.

I open this thread to ideate the constitution for the Proof of Humanity Origin (PoH Origin) fork.

See the initial constitutional HIP here for some background discussion on constitution building.

If you are uncertain about which fork you are interested in pursuing, please participate in pol.is. Roughly speaking, if you are in ‘Group B’, you most likely are interested in the PoH Origin fork and constitution drafting process.

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PoH Origin will focus on:

  • Sybil resistance.
  • Technical and economic security of the registry.
5 Likes
#2

I propose this draft constitution for PoH Origin. Please focus your comments, feedback, and suggestions in this thread.

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We, the members of Proof of Humanity Origin, ordain and establish this constitution for our governance for one main purpose:

Promoting and securing a decentralized sybil resistant registry of humans.

All Proof of Humanity Origin proposals, HIPs, must satisfy the following articles, or are otherwise considered void.

1. Proof of Humanity Origin is a Sybil resistant protocol.

A Sybil attack is defined as when an actor has control of multiple accounts registered on Proof of Humanity Origin. All HIPs which clearly and demonstrably break the ability of the protocol to resist sybil attacks are forbidden.

2. Proof of Humanity Origin commits to the principle of equality of access.

Proof of Humanity Origin is an open, permissionless protocol with equal access for all humans making no distinction of gender, sexual orientation, disability, ethnicity, religion, or age.

3. Proof of Humanity Origin commits to the principle of 1 person 1 vote.

All registered humans may vote directly, or through their delegate.

4. Proof of Humanity Origin is governed as a constitutional democracy.

In the interests of a consensus amongst a wide plurality of members bound by constitutional democracy, all governance proposals must pass three phases — Consensus Check, Constitution Check, and Final Binding.

a) Consensus Check Phase

HIPs in the consensus check phase must pass a simple ½ majority of cast votes to pass to the constitution check phase.

b) Constitution Check Phase

HIPs in the constitutional check phase must pass an optimistic period as a submission to a Kleros Curate list of constitutional HIPs with a deposit of 4 ETH. If accepted, the HIP is considered constitutional and passes to the final binding phase.

c) Final Binding Phase

In the interests of broad consensus, all HIPs in a binding final phase must pass a vote with a minimum ⅔ voting threshold, and all constitutional amendment HIPs must pass with a minimum ¾ voting threshold. HIPs which pass the voting threshold and require on-chain execution shall be submitted to the Kleros Governor with an initial base deposit of 4 eth.

Any constitutional amendments which pass the final binding phase will reset all final binding and constitution check phase HIPs to restart the constitution check phase with the updated constitution.

d) In the interests of democratic governance, all HIPs must:

i) allow sufficient time for participation.

The voting and optimistic periods of all three phases (consensus check, constitution check, final binding) must last no less than 1 week. Each phase for a constitutional HIP must last no less than 1 month.

ii) be vetoable.

All votes must include the choice ‘make no changes’ as the first option so the HIP is vetoable.

iii) be logically sound.

iv) not clearly and demonstrably break the decentralized curation process of the Constitutional Check Phase.

v) not bribe voters.

vi) be submitted for constitution check by a Proof of Humanity Origin member

HIPs which fail the constitutional check are considered treason. The submitter and authors of an unconstitutional HIP are prohibited from submitting new HIPs and are prohibited from holding any office (elected or appointed). A simple majority vote of ½ threshold of cast votes may reinstate these abilities.

7 Likes
#3

Isn’t that too long? Maybe just 2 weeks per phase?
I wouldn’t necessarily hardcode minimum periods per phase. Maybe it makes sense. But, 3 months is ages in crypto land, even if it’s for a constitutional reform, if ~90% of the community is agreeing with it, why delay?

v) not bribe voters.

Why punish bribing? In the interest of keeping the constitution robust and small, “nice to haves” should not be in there. Is it absolutely essential to forbid bribing? How will that be enforced?
Think of all the edge cases that can occur just from “banning” bribing. Imagine a small sector of a side starts a bribe, with the sole purpose of tainting that side and make the vote “unconstitutional”. Can you be more specific on this?

That’s without even mentioning I’m not against bribing. It’s not like I would actively encourage it, but still, banning bribing seems excessive to me.

EDIT: I think I get it now. Maybe, just put “not bribe voters with PoHO’s own treasury” ?

#4

vi) be submitted for constitution check by a Proof of Humanity Origin member

Could this be just an optimistic period? I think that’s simpler. Make the constitutional check go through an arbitrable with an optimistic period of 1 week, or whatever. Then, the skin-in-the-game is actual funds, not just being prohibited from taking part in the DAO. That’s also like kicking people out of a DAO composed of humans and I don’t think it’s right either. Just make wrongdoers lose money, that’s way worse. Also, having to create a vote to reinstate these people is going to grow old very fast. Summoning people to vote should be upon important matters.

#5

It’s not preventing these treasonous humans from registering in POH, they are still in the DAO with voting rights, just no proposing rights.

vi) addresses the Paradox of Tolerance

This section of the constitution draft is similar to section 3 of the 14th Amendment of the US constitution which prohibits those who had “engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same [United States], or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof” from serving in the government.

Such a rule would also have prevented Hitler’s rise to power after his failed coup attempt in the Beer Hall Putsch.

The idea is to prevent attackers who actively try to break the protocol from governing the protocol in the future.

2 Likes
#6

Isn’t that too long? Maybe just 2 weeks per phase?

Yes constitutional changes should be take time. Regular HIPs can speed through with 1 week per phase. I’d be glad to hear what other people think about appropriate phase durationa for constitutional and normal HIPs.

Why punish bribing?

punishing bribing avoids the treasury attacks like the Democratic Heroes HIP where everyone who votes ‘accept changes’ will receive a portion of the treasury.

The constitutional ban on bribing is enforceable on HIPs. The constitution doesn’t have much effect on 3rd party bribing, such as someone paying people to vote out of their own pocket. This is an enforcement problem.

1 Like
#7

The purpose of constitutional amendment HIPs is turn things that were unconstitutional/constitutional into constitutional/unconstitutional. What’s the point of the Constitution Check Phase when a modification in the constitution is attempted? If there are some type of constitutional changes that are forbidden, I think this should be clarified.

#8

Have you guys thought about malicious actors trying to bursting in the protocol in order to damage it? And possible solutions to that kind of problem.
Those who are in the protocol pre-fork will have the chance to vote in the two sides of the fork (at least until they have to renew their profile) or will be a mechanism that forbids you to vote in forkA if you already voted in forkB?

#9

A democracy cannot be allowed to vote itself into a dictatorship. For example, a constitutional amendment which sets the constitutional Curate list deposits to zero would violate Article 4.d.iv

iv) not clearly and demonstrably break the decentralized curation process of the Constitutional Check Phase.

but a constitutional amendment to remove Article 4.d.iv from the constitution would not violate Article 4.d.iv itself, and hence would be considered constitutional.

Another example, a constitutional amendment HIP which attempts to remove Article 4.d.v from the constitution

v) not bribe voters.

would be valid. However if the HIP also states ‘everyone who votes yes on this HIP will recieve 0.005 ETH from the treasury’, then the HIP would be considered unconstitutional and would never pass the amendment process.

Do you think there are ways to make the constitution more clear? Perhaps we have enough consensus that Articles 1-3 can never be amended. And perhaps Article 4.d.ii, Article 4.d.iii, Article 4.d.iv are considered immutable, where other sections could be mutable in principle.

1 Like
#10

Pre-fork there was no constitutional protection for governance.

The idea is the constitution can help protect the democracy from voting itself into tyranny.

Per Article 2,

2. Proof of Humanity Origin commits to the principle of equality of access.

and Article 3,

3. Proof of Humanity Origin commits to the principle of 1 person 1 vote.

Proof of Humanity Origin will not discriminate voters.

So yes that’s right, everyone, even if they pursue other forks, will remain in Proof of Humanity Origin with voting rights. @Andrei can you comment?

The difference are constitutional protections.

And regarding the un-civic behavior on social media platforms, primarily Telegram, I am working on a content moderation bot to enable decentralized curation and reporting of conduct which breaks the PoH code of conduct, to hopefully encourage more civic behavior and limit toxicity.

More over for governance telegram groups, we can gate entry to PoH members only

2 Likes
#11

Upon reflection, this article may be interpreted too narrowly. I think this could be modified as

3. Proof of Humanity Origin commits to the principle of 1 person 1 vote.

Each human has one vote. The DAO cannot purposely make it harder for people to vote or delegate.The DAO can delegate some of its power to other mechanisms (ex: group of elected people, workers, other DAOs, quadratic voting) but those delegations can always be revoked through a “1 person 1 vote with delegations” vote.

This clarification allows other voting mechanisms, but ultimately a 1 person 1 vote with delegations can revoke any power delegate by the DAO (a mission board, a special quadratic funding season for POH DAO tooling, etc.)

1 Like
#12

vi) be submitted for constitution check by a Proof of Humanity Origin member

HIPs which fail the constitutional check are considered treason. The submitter and authors of an unconstitutional HIP are prohibited from submitting new HIPs and are prohibited from holding any office (elected or appointed). A simple majority vote of ½ threshold of cast votes may reinstate these abilities.

This language can also be updated requiring the authors of an HIP and not just the submitter of the proposal to the constitution check phase (could be different entities) must all be members of Proof of Humanity Origin. And perhaps a regular HIP suffices to reinstate proposing ability. The article would be modified as,

vi) be authored and submitted for constitution check by members of Proof of Humanity Origin.

HIPs which fail the constitutional check are considered treason. The submitter and authors of an unconstitutional HIP are prohibited from submitting new HIPs and are prohibited from holding any office (elected or appointed). It is possible to make a HIP to reinstate these abilities.

2 Likes
#13

gm all,

I have nothing to add in the ideation but I’d like to share the captioned highlights of the calls pertaining to this Constittution draft. ( Sorry I can’t find a way to embed the videos here ). You may also want to check the entirety of the calls here.

Before that tho, kudos to @shotaro.eth for drafting concise and well-thought out Articles!

To share some highlights, check the clips below:

Article 1: PoH Origin is a Sybil-resistant protocol pic.twitter.com/5vP77XwpwQ

— NingF (@NingF3) February 21, 2023

Do you think shared family accounts are inevitable? Check out Jamilya’s input below

pic.twitter.com/ZvMUts8J8H

— NingF (@NingF3) February 21, 2023

Shotaro perfectly summed up what principle of equality of access means for our protocol below. (Personally, I think the inclusion of Spanish phrase in registration is discriminatory for non-Spanish speakers. @clesaege alternative suggestion of English+local language for HIP42 made more sense)

Article 2: PoH Origin commits to the principle of equality of access pic.twitter.com/L9olNkKiqF

— NingF (@NingF3) February 21, 2023

Why is it important for PoH to keep the one-person, one vote principle? See below:

Article 3: Each human has one vote. The DAO cannot purposely make it harder for people to vote or delegate. The DAO can delegate some of its power to other mechanisms but those delegations can always be revoked through a “1 person 1 vote with delegations” vote. pic.twitter.com/Z330hnYc7e

— NingF (@NingF3) February 27, 2023

What motivated the clarification for Article 3? 👇 pic.twitter.com/LNvNoym5RV

— NingF (@NingF3) February 27, 2023

More to unpack from the sections of Article 4 so below is the part one where the Phases are to be enforced by decentralized mechanisms of Kleros and to be ratified by higher voting threshold :point_down:

Article 4: Proof of Humanity Origin is governed as a constitutional democracy.

It constitutes three Phases that governance proposals are subjected to in order to pursue directions preventing community splits - pic.twitter.com/uuqyGABgHb

— NingF (@NingF3) March 13, 2023
1 Like
#14

What if there’s evidence that the court that handles all of this is centralized or controlled by the same person holding multiple accounts?

#15

For the sake of further discussion and consideration, I’d like to post here some questions that were raised during the calls:

  • Which Kleros Court will handle the disputes that may arise during the Constitutional Check phase?
    ( Ans: can be Humanity or create a Governance/Constution Court )

  • Is it allowed to re-submit rejected proposals? If allowed, how many times will be reasonable?
    ( Ans. It can be allowed, but a timeframe in between can be set and then the proposal have to go back to the Consensus phase)

  • Is the veto option applicable in all phases of the HIP process or only in certain phases?
    ( Ans: Consensus and Final Binding phases)

  • What criteria are used to determine if a proposal is “logically sound” according to the Proof of Humanity Origin constitution?

  • Can ‘logically sound’ be replaced with another term to specifically state that contradictions between proposal specification and implementation are not allowed?

1 Like
#16

Just reiterating Ning’s summary of answers from the community call some time ago. . .

We will use the general court on Gnosis chain for both the constitutional court proposal curation and governance disputes.

Any failed proposal which wishes to be resubmitted must restart from beginning (consensus phase)

This is for jurors to decide if disputed. Logically sound means the assumptions and implications stated in a proposal are true. For example

“Because ethereum is a proof of work consensus blockchain, we should increase the challenge period to prevent malicious block reorganizations.”

This proposal is not sound because it’s premise (assumption), that ethereum is a POW consensus chain is false.

Another example,

“Because the challenge period of 1 day is too long, we propose to cut the challenge period in half to 2 days.”

This proposal is not sound because it is contradictory. Half a day is not the same as 2 days, hence the proposal should be rejected.

Logically sound is language from the study of logic. Some may be unfamiliar, but it’s probably the best, most precise way to prevent illogical proposals.

#17

This is the final version of the constitution. This is the final call for feedback before voting.

image
image1396×149 189 KB

We, the members of Proof of Humanity Origin, ordain and establish this constitution for our governance for one main purpose:

Promoting and securing a decentralized sybil resistant registry of humans.

All Proof of Humanity Origin proposals, HIPs, must satisfy the following articles, or are otherwise considered void.

1. Proof of Humanity Origin is a Sybil resistant protocol.

A Sybil attack is defined as when an actor has control of multiple accounts registered on Proof of Humanity Origin. All HIPs which clearly and demonstrably break the ability of the protocol to resist sybil attacks are forbidden.

2. Proof of Humanity Origin commits to the principle of equality of access.

Proof of Humanity Origin is an open, permissionless protocol with equal access for all humans making no distinction of gender, sexual orientation, disability, ethnicity, religion, or age.

3. Proof of Humanity Origin commits to the principle of 1 person 1 vote.

All registered humans may vote directly, or through their delegate. Each human has one vote. The DAO cannot purposely make it harder for people to vote or delegate.

The DAO can delegate some of its power to other mechanisms (ex: group of elected people, workers, other DAOs, quadratic voting) but those delegations can always be revoked through a “1 person 1 vote with delegations” vote.

4. Proof of Humanity Origin is governed as a constitutional democracy.

In the interests of a consensus amongst a wide plurality of members bound by constitutional democracy, all governance proposals must pass three phases — Consensus Check, Constitution Check, and Final Binding. HIPs that fail any of these phases must restart from the Consensus Check to be reconsidered.

a) Consensus Check Phase

HIPs in the consensus check phase must pass a simple ½ majority of cast votes to pass to the constitution check phase.

b) Constitution Check Phase

HIPs in the constitutional check phase must pass an optimistic period as a submission to a Kleros Curate list of constitutional HIPs with a deposit of 4 ETH. If accepted, the HIP is considered constitutional and passes to the final binding phase.

c) Final Binding Phase

In the interests of broad consensus, all HIPs in a binding final phase must pass a vote with a minimum ⅔ voting threshold, and all constitutional amendment HIPs must pass with a minimum ¾ voting threshold. HIPs which pass the voting threshold and require on-chain execution shall be submitted to the Kleros Governor with an initial base deposit of 4 ETH.

Any constitutional amendments which pass the final binding phase will reset all final binding and constitution check phase HIPs to restart the constitution check phase with the updated constitution.

d) In the interests of democratic governance, all HIPs must:

i) allow sufficient time for participation.

The voting and optimistic periods of all three phases (consensus check, constitution check, final binding) must last no less than 1 week. Each phase for a constitutional HIP must last no less than 1 month.

ii) be vetoable.

All votes must include the choice ‘make no changes’ as the first option so the HIP is vetoable.

iii) be logically sound.

iv) not clearly and demonstrably break the decentralized curation process of the Constitutional Check Phase.

v) not bribe voters.

vi) be submitted for constitution check by a Proof of Humanity Origin member

HIPs which fail the constitutional check are considered treason. The submitter and authors of an unconstitutional HIP are prohibited from submitting new HIPs and are prohibited from holding any office (elected or appointed). An HIP can reinstate these abilities.